The Lasting Impact of Poor Air Quality on Children’s Health

The air quality index (AQI) can greatly impact health, especially for children. Exposure to poor air quality during childhood is increasingly linked to serious long-term health consequences, including a heightened risk of cancer.

According to Dr. AS Sandhya, a pulmonologist, children are particularly vulnerable to air pollution as their lungs and immune systems are still developing. They tend to breathe more rapidly than adults, resulting in a higher intake of harmful pollutants relative to their body weight.

Why Are Children More Susceptible?

With air quality issues persisting, understanding the effects of repeated exposure on children's health is crucial. Dr. Sandhya emphasizes that high AQI levels are mainly caused by fine particulate matter (PM2.5), nitrogen dioxide, and various toxic compounds from vehicle emissions, industrial activities, and fossil fuel combustion. These microscopic pollutants can penetrate deep into the lungs and even enter the bloodstream, leading to chronic inflammation and oxidative stress.

Over time, this continuous exposure can damage DNA and disrupt normal cell growth, establishing a foundation for cancers like lung cancer and other blood-related cancers later in life.

Moreover, research shows that children raised in polluted environments often experience:

• Reduced lung capacity
• Frequent respiratory infections
• Compromised immune function

Protective Measures for Parents

While the short-term effects of poor air quality may seem mild, their cumulative impact can be significant. Long-term exposure during critical growth periods increases the risk of chronic diseases that may appear decades later. Dr. Sandhya recommends that parents take the following actions:

1. Regularly monitor AQI levels and limit outdoor activities on high-pollution days.
2. Ensure good indoor air quality through proper ventilation and air purifiers.
3. Utilize well-fitted masks during peak pollution episodes for added protection.
4. Encourage a balanced diet rich in fruits, vegetables, and antioxidants to combat oxidative stress, and schedule regular health check-ups for early detection of respiratory issues.

Lastly, Dr. Sandhya highlights the importance of community and policy efforts aimed at reducing traffic emissions, promoting clean energy, and increasing green spaces to protect children's long-term health and lower future cancer risks.