World Stroke Day 2025: The Silent Threat of Resistant Hypertension

On October 29, we observe World Stroke Day, a day dedicated to raising awareness about stroke prevention, treatment, and recovery. This year's theme, 'Every Minute Counts,' emphasizes the critical importance of timely action in saving lives.

Research from the World Stroke Organisation indicates that 90% of strokes are linked to modifiable risk factors. Among these, hypertension stands out as a significant concern. On this day, it's essential to delve into one particularly dangerous type of hypertension known as resistant hypertension.

Understanding Resistant Hypertension

Resistant hypertension (RHTN) is not your typical high blood pressure. Dr. Babu Ezhumalai, a senior consultant in cardiology at MGM Healthcare in Chennai, explains that RHTN remains high despite the use of three or more medications, including a diuretic. This persistent elevation in blood pressure is especially worrisome due to its strong association with an increased risk of stroke.

Dr. Ezhumalai warns that RHTN often progresses without noticeable symptoms until significant damage has occurred to vital organs such as the heart, kidneys, and brain.

Warning Signs

RHTN is typically silent, with symptoms like headaches, dizziness, or nosebleeds appearing only in severe cases. Most damage to critical organs occurs gradually, making regular monitoring vital.

Management Strategies

To manage resistant hypertension effectively, Dr. Ezhumalai suggests the following steps:

1. Regular Monitoring: Keep track of your blood pressure at home and consider 24-hour ambulatory BP monitoring to catch hidden spikes.
2. Diet: Adopt a DASH diet rich in fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and lean proteins while reducing salt intake.
3. Exercise: Engage in regular physical activities like walking, swimming, or cycling to improve overall health.
4. Stress Management: Prioritize stress reduction and ensure adequate sleep to support cardiovascular health.

With approximately 10% of individuals with high blood pressure potentially suffering from RHTN, millions in India may be unaware of their risk. This highlights the importance of consistent monitoring and proactive management to prevent severe complications.